In a current proposal, distinguished Ethereum builders, together with Vitalik Buterin, Sam Wilson, Ansgar Dietrichs, and Matt Garnett, steered a brand new transaction kind to reinforce Externally Owned Accounts (EOAs).
The proposal, at present in draft standing, outlines the creation of a brand new transaction kind that quickly converts EOAs into sensible contract wallets throughout transaction execution, providing functionalities much like these outlined in EIP-3074.
Based on the draft proposal, EIP-7702 would permit for transaction batching and sponsored transactions paid for by one other account. The proposed transaction kind would come with a contract_code area and a signature, enabling EOAs to undertake sensible contract functionalities quickly.
The core intention is to supply enhanced usability and safety for EOAs, addressing frequent points like batching transactions, sponsorship of transactions, and privilege de-escalation.
The usual would additionally permit for de-escalated privileges by enabling customers to signal subkeys with restricted permissions. For instance, a pockets administrator might permit subkey holders to spend solely ERC-20 tokens, use solely a part of a pockets steadiness, or entry choose functions.
Different to EIP-3074
The draft proposal offers a substitute for EIP-3074, an current commonplace that gives most of the identical capabilities.
Nevertheless, EIP-7702 goals to deal with forward-compatibility points. Not like EIP-3074, it doesn’t introduce opcodes, which might supposedly grow to be out of date in an “endgame account abstraction” the place all customers use sensible contract wallets.
Buterin and co-proposers consider endgame account abstraction is probably going when quantum computing breaks the cryptography utilized in commonplace Externally Owned Accounts (EOAs) or commonplace user-controlled Ethereum wallets.
EIP-3074 might additionally create an invoker contract ecosystem separate from the sensible contract pockets ecosystem. With EIP-7702, the proposers goal to keep away from a division of efforts.
Regardless of its potential advantages, Buterin famous that EIP-7702 would possibly face related criticism as its counterpart, because it requires belief in code and should result in centralization. He believes that any proposal to deal with privilege de-escalation faces the identical problem.
Ongoing developments
EIP-7702 is at present within the draft stage, and its future is unclear.
Nevertheless, builders intend to incorporate EIP-3074 in Ethereum’s subsequent improve, Pectra, in late 2024 or early 2025.
One other associated commonplace, ERC-4337, offers account abstraction options with related functions, together with group-access wallets and bundled and sponsored transactions. Builders deployed the usual to Ethereum in March 2023.
Collectively, such requirements permit companies to manage person wallets with out sustaining direct custody of person funds, offering a key various to totally centralized companies.
